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Neuromuscular Pathology
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Common symptom in runners
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Symptom: A sharp/stabbing pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant
Cause: Diaphragmatic muscle spasm 2° hypoxia
Rx #1: Breathe in through the nose & expire forcefully through pursed lips
Rx #2: Stretch the right UE over the head
Becomes evident between 2 and 15 years of age
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Source: Lillegard WA, Burcher JD & Rucker KS (1999).
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Defined by multiple motor & vocal tics lasting for >1 year
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Becomes evident between 2 and 15 years of age
Most common 1st symptom is a facial tic (eye blink, nose twitch, grimace)
Involuntary movements (tics) of the arms, limbs, or trunk
Other symptoms such as touching, repetitive thoughts & movements, & compulsions can occur
Verbal tics (vocalizations) usually occur with the mov'ts
Although unusual, verbal tics may also be expressed as coprolalia (the involuntary use of obscene words) or copropraxia (obscene gestures)
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Possible Signs & Symptoms of a Brain Tumor
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Used to assess balance & coordination problems that may indicate a cerebellar pathology or an inner ear infection
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Have athlete stand in a place free from obstacles
Instruct athlete to close his or her eyes
Instruct athlete to abduct arms to 90° with elbows extended
Instruct athlete to tilt head back & lift 1 leg off floor
Positive test = unsteadiness
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Have athlete stand heel-to-toe (1 foot in front of the other)
Instruct the athlete to walk 10' along a straight line
Positive test = unsteady gait
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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An autoimmune, disease of unknown etiology that results in inflammation & damage to various organs
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Onset: 15–45 yo ♀ > ♂ 10–15:1
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African (3x more common), Native-American, Asian > Caucasians
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Unexplained fever
Swollen glands
Constitutional symptoms
Arthralgia—symmetrical
Swollen joints
Skin rash—"butterfly" pattern (cheeks)
Chest pain upon deep breathing
Extreme fatigue
Photosensitivity
Unusual hair loss
Pale or purple fingers or toes from cold or stress (Raynaud's phenomenon)
CNS px—seizures, h/a, neuropathy, CVA, OBS
Mouth, nose, vaginal ulcers
Symptoms get worse during menstruation
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Complications of Lupus
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Seizures/psychosis
Pleuritis/pericarditis
Endocarditis/myocarditis
Anemia
Glomerulonephritis
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Note: A severe side effect of the acne medication minocycline, is lupuslike symptoms
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