Examination Map HISTORY
Past Medical History
Prior history of injury
Headaches/chest pain
Use of eyewear
Psychosocial factors
History of the Present Condition
Pain characteristics
Radicular symptoms
Mechanism of injury
FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT Movement and posture
INSPECTION Inspection of the Lateral Structures
Cervical and thoracic curvature
Posture
Inspection of the Anterior Structures
Level of the shoulders
Position of the head
Shape of the chest
Inspection of the Posterior Structures
Bilateral soft tissue comparison
Breathing patterns
Skin folds
Chest shape
Palpation Palpation of the Anterior Neck and Thorax
Hyoid
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Carotid artery
Lymph nodes
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
Sternum
Ribs and costal cartilage
Palpation of the Posterior Cervical and Thoracic Structures
Occiput and superior nuchal line
Transverse processes
Spinous processes
Supraspinous ligaments
Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Scapular muscles
Costovertebral junction
Paravertebral muscles
JOINT AND MUSCLE FUNCTION ASSESSMENT Goniometry
Flexion
Extension
Lateral bending
Rotation
Active Range of Motion
Flexion
Extension
Lateral bending
Rotation
Manual Muscle Tests
Capital, Cervical, and Combined Capital and Cervical Flexion
Capital, Cervical, and Combined Capital and Cervical Extension
Lateral Flexion
Rotation and Flexion
Neck Flexor Endurance Test
Passive Range of Motion
Flexion
Extension
Lateral Bending
Rotation
JOINT STABILITY TESTS Joint Play Assessment
Spring test
Mobility of the first rib
NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION Upper Limb Nerve Tension Test
Upper Quarter Screen
Upper Motor Neuron Lesions
Babinski test
Oppenheim test
Beevor's sign
REGION-SPECIFIC PATHOLOGIES Cervical Radiculopathy
Cervical compression test
Spurling test
Cervical distraction test
Vertebral artery test
Intervertebral Disc Lesions
Shoulder abduction test
Valsalva maneuver (see Chapter 10)
Degenerative Joint and Disc Disease
Cervical Instability
Facet Joint Dysfunction
Brachial Plexus Pathology
Brachial plexus traction test
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Adson's test
Allen test
Costoclavicular syndrome test
Roos test
Thoracic Spine Pathologies
Scheuermann's disease
Rib fracture
Rib compression test
Costochondral injury
Thorax Pathologies
Splenic injury
Kidney trauma
Commotio cordis
Note: The procedures described in this chapter should not be performed until the possibility of a cervical spine fracture and/or dislocation has been ruled out.